Sunday, 21 April 2013

The Politics of Modern Immigration.

At the conclusion of the parliamentary election in Aotearoa New Zealand 2011, the vote count (translated into percentages) looked like this; National Party 47%, Labour Party 27%, The Green Party 11%, and the New Zealand First Party 7% (New Zealand Electoral Commission, 2011). In order to examine the predominant immigration ideologies of Aotearoa New Zealand, the four highest voted parties will be examined here.

A National Party Perspective.


“Building a stronger economy” (Hamilton, 2011).

The National Party was established by bringing together liberal and conservative values. Their aim is to promote business success and advocating for our commitment to the crown as a British colony (Shaw, & Eichbaum, 2011).

The immigration policy of the National Party has two key facets; Ensuring new settlers will increase the financial prestige of Aotearoa New Zealand and ensuring adherence to the international requirements with regard to accepting refugees into the country (Hamilton, 2011; Immigration New Zealand, 2011).

The National Party immigration policy is intended to increase the wealth of Aotearoa New Zealand (Hamilton, 2011).This has been the inspiration for an immigration agenda which targets specific types of people to settle in Aotearoa New Zealand. To address skill shortages within the Aotearoa New Zealand workforce, the government maintains lists of desirable careers. The most recent list is dedicated to specialist tasks required for the Christchurch city rebuild. There is also a quota which dictates how many seasonal immigrant employees can work in Aotearoa New Zealand temporarily (Immigration New Zealand, 2011).

A component of the skills targeted immigration agenda, which has attracted controversy, is the entertainers visa (Sacks, 2010). The National Party intention is to promote large overseas investment in the New Zealand Film industry with this policy (Hamilton, 2011). The policy streamlines the ability for entertainers to perform in Aotearoa New Zealand. To directly attract wealth there is a framework for investors or established business people to immigrate to Aotearoa New Zealand (Immigration New Zealand, 2011).

There is also a scheme to introduce young people (20 to 35 years of age) who have proven potential in their chosen field (Immigration New Zealand, 2013).

The National Party maintains a quota for 750 refugees to enter the country per year (Immigration New Zealand, 2011). In 2013 the Prime Minister announced that 150 of the 750 would be from the Australian refugee waiting list (Nicholson, 2013).

A Labour Party Perspective.


The Labour Party has traditionally been the champion of the Social Democracy ideology (Shaw, & Eichbaum, 2011). Social Democrats believe in a balance of individual freedom and collective cooperation. The Labour Party was founded to represent the common workers of Aotearoa New Zealand.

In its modern context, the Labour Party immigration policy is almost identical to the National Party immigration policy with two points of difference. The first is in recognising the social impact of immigration on the immigrants themselves. The Labour Party policy outlines an intention to strengthen services to support new immigrants to Aotearoa New Zealand. This would be provided in the form of mental health services for refugees, increased support options for immigrant students and an expanded appeals system to address immigrants with “systematic issues” (Barron, 2011). The second is to remove the Entertainers Visa which (the Labour party asserts) allows migrant workers to occupy job vacancies that should be given to existing citizens of Aotearoa New Zealand (Adern, 2011).

A Green Party Perspective.


The Green Party is an evolution of the Values Party, which was the first modern political party to be founded upon environmental awareness . They continue to maintain an environmentalist stance by stating “Ecological Wisdom” as one of their core principles. They appear to support an extreme left stance by opposing irresponsible or destructive use of natural resources, which is the mainstay of many primary industries in Aotearoa New Zealand. However, within their portfolio, their policies conform to a mixture of left and right wing ideologies. Where they differ from being Socially Democratic is the motivation for government intervention. Social Democrats are socially responsible for underprivileged people. The Green Party believes protecting the environment is the core social responsibility that a government should endorse (Shaw, & Eichbaum, 2011).

The Green Party immigration policy is similar to the National Party policy with only one major exception. The Green Party policy would increase the number of refugees permitted to enter Aotearoa New Zealand (Barron, 2011).

A New Zealand First Party Perspective.


“’… immigration will cease to be used as an excuse for our failure to train, skill, and employ our own people’ - New Zealand First fundamental principle” (Stewart, 2011, p. 5). Within their manifesto the New Zealand First Party articulate a desire to greatly reduce the number of people who may migrate to Aotearoa New Zealand .

The New Zealand First Party promotes conservative values and an economy insulated from global influences (Shaw, & Eichbaum, 2011). The New Zealand First Party would also disregard opinion from abroad and refuse to follow international agreements with regard to accepting refugees into Aotearoa New Zealand (Stewart, 2011).
 

References:

Adern, J. (2011). If it ain’t broke. Retrieved from http://www.actorsequity.org.nz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=147:if-it-aint-broke&catid=44:in-the-news
Barron, J. (2011). Election 2011 - party policies - immigration. Retrieved from http://www.interest.co.nz/news/54330/election-2011-party-policies-immigration
Hamilton, G. (2011). Immigration: Building a stronger economy. In Hamilton, G. (Ed.). Policy 2011. Wellington, New Zealand: Author.
Immigration New Zealand. (2011). Immigration act 2009: Refugee and protection status determinations. Retrieved from http://www.immigration.govt.nz/migrant/general/generalinformation/immigrationact/factsheets/refugees.htm
Immigration New Zealand. (2011). Investing and doing business in New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.immigration.govt.nz/migrant/stream/invest/
Immigration New Zealand. (2011). Recognised seasonal employers. Retrieved from http://www.immigration.govt.nz/employers/employ/temp/rse/
Immigration New Zealand. (2012). Essential skills in demand lists. Retrieved from http://www.immigration.govt.nz/migrant/stream/work/skilledmigrant/LinkAdministration/ToolboxLinks/essentialskills.htm
Immigration New Zealand. (2012). Performing artists, entertainers and film industry personnel - requirements. Retrieved from http://www.immigration.govt.nz/migrant/stream/work/worktemporarily/requirements/specificpurpose/performingsrtistsfilmindustry.htm
Immigration New Zealand. (2013). Silver fern job search visa. Retrieved from http://www.immigration.govt.nz/migrant/stream/work/silverfern/jobsearch.htm
New Zealand Electoral Commission. (2011). 2011 General election results – official results. Retrieved from http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_20
Nicholson, B. (2013). New Zealand to take 150 asylum-seekers from Australia. Retrieved from http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/new-zealand-to-take-asylum-seekers-from-australia/story-fn59niix-1226574373242
Sacks, E. (2010). The hobbit producer Peter Jackson threatens to pull lord of the rings prequels from New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/hobbit-producer-peter-jackson-threatens-pull-lord-rings-prequels-new-zealand-article-1.441348
Shaw, R., & Eichbaum, C. (2011). Public policy in New Zealand: Institutions processes and outcomes. (3rd ed.). Auckland, New Zealand: Pearson.
Stewart, B. (2011). NZ First Manifesto. Retrieved from http://nzfirst.org.nz/content/nz-first-manifesto

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